Addressing the Risks of Problematic Internet Use Among Vulnerable Youth: Clinical Perspectives

Learning Objectives:

1. Recognize various types of excessive/problematic internet use in youth (“internet addiction”);
2. Describe factors associated with excessive/problematic internet use in youth;
3. List promising interventions to treat excessive/problematic internet use in youth; and
4. Discuss ways to engage youth and families in exploring and addressing their own excessive/problematic internet use.

Abstract

This presentation explores the growing concern of excessive and problematic internet use among adolescents and young adults. It highlights the benefits and risks of interactive digital media, emphasizing how overuse can lead to mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and addictive behaviors. The talk reviews epidemiology, risk factors (including psychiatric comorbidities and family dynamics), and personality traits linked to problematic internet use (PIU). It also examines the neurological impact of digital technology on attention, cognition, and reward systems, drawing parallels to substance addiction. Evidence-based interventions are discussed, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-IA), psychopharmacology, and family-based approaches. The presentation concludes with strategies for prevention, parental monitoring, and promoting healthy digital habits through family media plans and positive parenting techniques.

Key Takeaways from the presentation:

• Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is a growing concern among adolescents and young adults, with prevalence rates between 4–18%.
• PIU is linked to mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and increased risk of suicidality.
• Risk factors include ADHD, depression, social anxiety, autism spectrum disorder, low self-esteem, poor family relationships, and social isolation.
• Family dynamics play a critical role: low cohesion, high conflict, and poor parenting increase PIU risk, while positive parenting and monitoring reduce it.
• Personality traits associated with PIU include impulsivity, low self-control, aggression, and neuroticism.
• Signs of PIU: withdrawal from activities, poor sleep, irritability, secrecy, and decline in academic performance.
• Neurological impact: PIU affects attention, memory, reward systems, and executive functioning, with brain changes similar to substance addiction.
• Treatment approaches: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Internet Addiction (CBT-IA), psychopharmacology (e.g., bupropion, escitalopram), and family-based therapies.
• Prevention strategies: family media plans, screen-free times, parental monitoring, and promoting healthy routines.
• Practical tips: reduce time online, disable notifications, avoid passive scrolling, and encourage real-life social engagement.

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